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Tuesday, March 19, 2013

Most low-income students who have top test scores and grades do not even apply to the nation's best colleges, according to a new analysis. The pattern contributes to widening economic inequality and low levels of mobility in this country, economists say, because college graduates earn so much more on average than nongraduates do. Only 34 percent of high-achieving high school seniors in the bottom fourth of income distribution attended any one of the country's 238 most selective colleges, according to the analysis, conducted by Caroline M. Hoxby of Stanford and Christopher Avery of Harvard, two longtime education researchers. Among top students in the highest income quartile, that figure was 78 percent.

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The researchers defined high-achieving students as those very likely to gain admission to a selective college, which translated into roughly the top 4 percent nationwide. Students needed to have at least an A-minus average and a score in the top 10 percent among students who took the SAT or the ACT.

Of these high achievers, 34 percent came from families in the top fourth of earners, 27 percent from the second fourth, 22 percent from the third fourth and 17 percent from the bottom fourth. (The researchers based the income cutoffs on the population of families with a high school senior living at home, with $41,472 being the dividing line for the bottom quartile and $120,776 for the top.)

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If they make it to top colleges, high-achieving, low-income students tend to thrive there, the paper found. Based on the most recent data, 89 percent of such students at selective colleges had graduated or were on pace to do so, compared with only 50 percent of top low-income students at nonselective colleges.

#1 | Posted by BruceBanner at 2013-03-18 12:39 PM | Reply | Flag:

I would imagine that high achieving wealthy kids do worse at "nonselective" colleges as well.

it's a difference in culture. everybody, across the income spectrum, is more likely to thrive in a better environment.

#2 | Posted by eberly at 2013-03-18 12:43 PM | Reply | Flag:

Having a bunch of knuckle-head colleagues isn't going to get you ahead, I agree.

Going to the top school with top colleagues will show you the blueprint to success and you get to see how things really work.

#3 | Posted by BruceBanner at 2013-03-18 12:57 PM | Reply | Flag:

Wow - 7 in 10 high achieving/low income students are white...says a lot of affirmative action in this country based on skin color alone. With that said, I think there are a few things that need to be addressed:

1.) School 'Guidance' Counselors are a joke. Typically, they have degrees from bottom of the barrel schools themselves and focus almost all of their attention on the bottom 25% of the class which they just hope to have graduate. This hurts the vast majority of students that are left without any real advice on what is possible, especially if their parents did not attend college.

2.) Unless you know someone that went to a top school or work in a high end industry, you will never really be exposed to the importance of your college rank. You will never realize how many opportunities you don't get simply because most top firms don't recruit low ranked schools.

3.) A lot of your success in life will be determined by the company that you keep. The guy that sticks close to home and hangs out with high school buddies that are not in school and/or into drugs, crime, etc - more than likely will drag down the high performing student as well. I call this the housing project effect.

4.) Money does not buy happiness - but it makes things a whole hell of a lot easier. Most poor people don't want to move 1000 miles away from home because they have no financial support. Yes, you can have loans - but that is typically not enough money to provide the peace of mind these students need to take that huge plunge.

Overall, we need to get rid of race based affirmative action and institute affirmative action based on family net worth.

#4 | Posted by Jacque_Strap at 2013-03-18 02:44 PM | Reply | Flag:

#4 | Posted by Jacque_Strap

Hell of a post, Jacque....NW Flag

The guy that sticks close to home and hangs out with high school buddies that are not in school and/or into drugs, crime, etc - more than likely will drag down the high performing student as well

Cant be said enough.

#5 | Posted by boaz at 2013-03-19 10:14 AM | Reply | Flag:

Hell of a post, Jacque....NW Flag

#5 | POSTED BY BOAZ

All of mine are Boaz. I found this article as well: www.nytimes.com

Lays out this exact problem - toss in a bit of laziness on the part of the student, and it is a recipe for disaster.

Once again, I find this to be a newsworthy article but the typical drudgies are avoiding it like the plague.

#6 | Posted by Jacque_Strap at 2013-03-19 11:10 AM | Reply | Flag:

and getting in is the EASY part. just wait till everybody there is rich and you, the broke-ass kid from east podunk, are scaping and saving every dime for laundry money. been there, done that. the old boy network knows social caste very well. all those creature comforts by which we self-select? forget about it. moments to bond over extended vacations (you'll be working)? forget about it.

get your BA or BS as fiscally efficently as possible. let the market sort out the jokers. it ain't where you come from that matters, only where you are going.

#7 | Posted by visiter at 2013-03-19 04:01 PM | Reply | Flag:

Wow - 7 in 10 high achieving/low income students are white...says a lot of affirmative action in this country based on skin color alone. With that said, I think there are a few things that need to be addressed:

This just in - 7 of 10 students are also white.

Unless you know someone that went to a top school or work in a high end industry, you will never really be exposed to the importance of your college rank.

That and you basically have to know someone or be a "legacy" student like Dubya to get into a top school AND have some way of paying for it.

Tell me who can afford 4 years at Harvard-
"Tuition $37,576
Health Services Fee $930
Student Services Fee $2,360
Room $8,366
Board $5,264
Subtotal
$54,496
Estimated Personal Expenses $3,454
Estimated Travel Costs $0-$5,000
Total billed and unbilled costs $57,950 - $62,950

In addition, health insurance coverage is required at a cost of $2,168 unless the student is covered under the family's health plan."

As Richard D. Kahlenberg '85 of The Century Foundation has pointed out, legacy preferences are not a mere tiebreaker between equally capable candidates. Legacy status increases an applicant's chance of admission by 19.7 percent for a given SAT score range. At the California Institute of Technology, which does not favor legacy applicants, legacies make up a mere 1.5 percent of the student body. At Harvard, 12-13 percent of students are legacies.

You can say what you want about the "housing effect" (I'm guessing white kids' friends don't do drugs, or drop out, or anything like that)but there are darn few low income kids, black or white, who can afford that quarter million for a basic degree, or just a 125,000 if you get all the grant money you can.

#8 | Posted by northguy3 at 2013-03-19 04:16 PM | Reply | Flag:

#8

what is your point?

#9 | Posted by eberly at 2013-03-19 04:25 PM | Reply | Flag:

I know a young Mexican American 'anchor baby' who is the son of illegal immigrants I know through church. When he was seventeen the guidance counsellor at the local school encouraged him to apply for a scholarship at a far away college the family had never heard of over his parents objection. They did not speak much English and wanted him going to work after high school and start bringing money into the home. To their disappointment, the son did apply for the scholarship at the far away school they had never heard of and was accepted with a full scholarship. That young man received his B.S. in Chemistry about two years ago from Dartmouth College.

#10 | Posted by moder8 at 2013-03-19 04:29 PM | Reply | Flag:

Eb - that Jacque was really simplifying his explanation of why poor blacks don't go to Ivy League schools. You know, like maybe they can't afford to spend a couple hundred grand.

#11 | Posted by northguy3 at 2013-03-19 05:19 PM | Reply | Flag:

thanks for the clarification.

I forgot you don't know how to reference someone else's posts.

#12 | Posted by eberly at 2013-03-19 05:33 PM | Reply | Flag:

This just in - 7 of 10 students are also white.

Maybe in 1970's. Now, about 50% of the of the student body. Once you factor in that the whites are disporptionately represented in the 'rich/middle class' student body, the amount that make up the 'poor' students will be even less. Let's be conservative and say that it is 45%. This is a huge discrepancy between actual achievement and access to quality higher education for whites.

That and you basically have to know someone or be a "legacy" student like Dubya to get into a top school AND have some way of paying for it.

This is just ridiculous. You can hold up Harvard all you want - but they give generously to poor kids. It is actually much harder to pay for Harvard as a middle class kid as you will be excluded from all of the grant money targeted for the poor and your parents will not be able to give you enough to cover your costs.

However - I would look to the CA state schools like UCLA, Cal Berkeley, UC Davis, UC San Diego, etc - all of them will give you free tuition and fee money if your parents are poor - the cut off for the declining fee waiver is like $80K in yearly income for your parents. Through in a $4K/year Pell grant and the cost to attain a 4 year degree from a world class university really is not high if you are poor. Once again, it is the middle class kids that are left out.

You can say what you want about the "housing effect" (I'm guessing white kids' friends don't do drugs, or drop out, or anything like that)

Where do you equate housing project with Black? Ah, that's right, the racist left rears its ugly head again. The fact is that the friends and family drag the high performer down - regardless of race.

but there are darn few low income kids, black or white, who can afford that quarter million for a basic degree, or just a 125,000 if you get all the grant money you can.
#8 | POSTED BY NORTHGUY3

The cost for an education from an elite school is no where near $125,000 out of pocket if you truly are a high performing poor kid. That is the cost (probably even understated) for a middle class kid with an 'expected parent contribution' however.

#13 | Posted by Jacque_Strap at 2013-03-19 06:27 PM | Reply | Flag:

Eb - that Jacque was really simplifying his explanation of why poor blacks don't go to Ivy League schools. You know, like maybe they can't afford to spend a couple hundred grand.

#11 | POSTED BY NORTHGUY3

Ah, I did mention poor black kids going to Ivy League schools a single time. Further, for purpose of defining an 'elite school', I think the study considered about 250 schools to be elite - this is way, way more than just the Ivies. At the end of the day, you attempted to describe a corner case which was not relevant to the content of the article - and really not relevant for any discussion as you based it on faulty information.

#14 | Posted by Jacque_Strap at 2013-03-19 06:29 PM | Reply | Flag:

"Once again, it is the middle class kids that are left out."

Can't be said enough. My HS gf was told that her (solidly middle-class) parents made too much money for her to qualify for financial aid. And I see it now in my kids whose parents are of a similar income level. It's better to be poor, if you want financial aid.

#15 | Posted by pragmatist at 2013-03-19 06:52 PM | Reply | Flag:

It's better to be poor, if you want financial aid.

#15 | POSTED BY PRAGMATIST

Absolutely right - most colleges use an 'expected family contribution' number which decreases the student's ability to get aid. First off, there is a big disconnect between ability to pay and willingness to pay on the part of a parent. Second, most of the aid given to middle class kids is in the form of loans as opposed to grants. The problem with the poor kids not performing is really a function of their communities and their ties to it - for middle class kids, the system is just fundamentally unfair and broken.

#16 | Posted by Jacque_Strap at 2013-03-19 07:00 PM | Reply | Flag:

Can't be said enough.
#15 | POSTED BY PRAGMATIST

And Prag - you should stop agreeing with me on topics or the lefties will pull your liberal membership card.

#17 | Posted by Jacque_Strap at 2013-03-19 07:01 PM | Reply | Flag:

A gifted youth is much like jet fuel.

Don't give them a proper outlet for their abilities and someone is going to get burned.

#18 | Posted by Tor at 2013-03-19 07:11 PM | Reply | Flag:

.... Navigating a Dead Economy with a Costly but Useless Degree!

**** The entire article is just "PROPAGANDA" for Big,Vastly Overpriced Universities that seek to entice with Promises of Prestige & Glory.They want the SUCKERS to keep on paying their Exorbitant Tuitions & Fees that in the end dumps you into a lineup with tens of thousands of other over qualified,degree wielding,unemployed job seekers! Obama must be grinning at his fine work!

#19 | Posted by AntiCadillac at 2013-03-19 08:30 PM | Reply | Flag:

get your BA or BS as fiscally efficently as possible. let the market sort out the jokers. it ain't where you come from that matters, only where you are going.

#7 | POSTED BY VISITER AT 2013-03-19 04:01 PM | FLAG:

This is terrible advice. Please don't ruin anyone's life by saying this ever again.

#20 | Posted by BruceBanner at 2013-03-19 09:38 PM | Reply | Flag:

This is terrible advice. Please don't ruin anyone's life by saying this ever again.

#20 | POSTED BY BRUCEBANNER

I agree 100%. Cheap low ranked schools are where poor people go to learn how to stay poor. Of course, you likely won't see it that way until after you finish because you will be comparing yourself to the lower class people you grew up with rather than the potential money/career you are passing up by choosing a low ranked school. Like I said above, until you are in a highly selective/high paying company you will not see the amount of hurdles a low ranked school places in front of you.

#21 | Posted by Jacque_Strap at 2013-03-19 09:56 PM | Reply | Flag:

He had it part right - the market will decide. It decided to go with graduates from the top schools.

Why on earth would they even bother combing through the other applications? As an added bonus, the prestige of the top schools is associated with the company when they take the grads.

When you go fishing, you try to catch the biggest fish you can. You don't take home a minnow and hope it grows into a shark.

#22 | Posted by BruceBanner at 2013-03-19 10:19 PM | Reply | Flag:

So rent is six hundred.

#24 | Posted by BruceBanner at 2013-03-20 03:38 AM | Reply | Flag:

Just get a one bedroom for three fifty.

#25 | Posted by BruceBanner at 2013-03-20 03:38 AM | Reply | Flag:

The ugly truth about the undergraduate programs at Ivy league schools- they are mediocre. Never judge a school by it's name- look at how it's graduates do on the GREs,(Graduate record exams). My old school in Texas, a four year diploma mill, routinely beat all of them- 96% of premed accepted to medical schools, 89% accepted to law schools, We had our own MBA program and nine other graduate level curricula. When I finished in 84, I could afford to go with out borrowing a dime. Of course I had to bust my [...] in the oil patch, and work nights as a janitor...

#26 | Posted by docnjo at 2013-03-20 09:12 AM | Reply | Flag:

"Going to the top school with top colleagues will show you the blueprint to success and you get to see how things really work."

It also doesn't hurt if your study partner's dad is a billionaire or head of a major company. That will do more for you than talent ever could.

"Tell me who can afford 4 years at Harvard...Jacque was really simplifying his explanation of why poor blacks don't go to Ivy League schools. You know, like maybe they can't afford to spend a couple hundred grand."

Harvard tuition expenses are means tested. once you are accepted, you are gauranteed to be able to attend, regardless of income. This, a poor person who has been accepted might pay nothing. A rich person might pay full cost. IOW, family income doesn't play a role at Harverd.

"Can't be said enough. My HS gf was told that her (solidly middle-class) parents made too much money for her to qualify for financial aid. And I see it now in my kids whose parents are of a similar income level. It's better to be poor, if you want financial aid."

One of my college roommates was unfortune enough to have a Surgeon for a father. A Surgeon who grew up barefoot in the Carolina mountains and wasn't going to hand his son anything. He did offer to pay for half his college expenses, which went well for a while since he had a Basketball scholarship. When he quit playing due to injury, his father stopped paying half. His family made afr too much money to apply for FAFSA, so he enlisted in the Air Force as a cop.

"I agree 100%. Cheap low ranked schools are where poor people go to learn how to stay poor."

Huh?

If you have an engineering degree from Portland State University (low ranked), it's still going to be worth more than an art degree from USC.

#27 | Posted by madbomber at 2013-03-20 04:30 PM | Reply | Flag:

Just went to the "ghetto" university of AZ last week, NAU. Several students there, from AZ and CA said they picked NAU because the application fee was the lowest.

Poor kids won't cough up the extra $25-$50 for an application.

Smelly Hell, I picked my college based on avoiding snow and not having to life with my Mom and Stepdad!

#28 | Posted by kirk at 2013-03-20 07:11 PM | Reply | Flag:

I'm a poor white kid (boo hoo for me!)

I attend a tribal college, on a reservation, and a long ways away from Harvard.

I'm proud of it, and I'm glad I don't have a bunch of Prius driving, city dwelling Profs to teach me about environmental science and natural resources.

#29 | Posted by wurster at 2013-03-21 03:15 AM | Reply | Flag:

"And Prag - you should stop agreeing with me on topics or the lefties will pull your liberal membership card."

Heh. Well, I will not be pigeonholed.

"I will not be pushed, filed, stamped, indexed, briefed, debriefed or numbered." ; )

#30 | Posted by pragmatist at 2013-03-21 01:07 PM | Reply | Flag:

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