"It will be just have to be a work day off for the teachers or they could easily rotate the classes that will be taking the test through out the week"
Again, our juniors spent NINE DAYS this year taking tests. Are you going to extend the school year by nine days? We should, but who's paying for that? And how are parents and students going to feel about it?
"Much like they way they did it at my HS for the ASVAB test."
Everyone at your school took the ASVAB? That's F'd up.
"It is the best way to prove if the students are really learning everything they need to."
In your opinion.
"The way its done now is like having a person who damaged your car in a accident be the one you pay to fix your car."
Here you assume that all teachers/schools are interested in cheating the results. I don't see it.
"Why not just spend more money on education?"
Why say that in response to me? I don't hold that belief.
"What can a teacher or a school do, for example, about students from broken homes, living in poverty, and swallowed up by the anti-intellectualism displayed in the media and by their peers?"
I would add, How does testing them more improve their learning?
"How can you raise the achievement levels of people who may well lack the basic intelligence to succeed in class?"
Oh, please. That's crap. The vast (VAST) majority of kids who aren't learning certainly can learn to the level spelled out in state standards and CCSS. Very few humans simply can't learn.
"What can be done with those who would rather work off campus than study?"
Would they really rather work? Or would they rather be playing elsewhere (parenting issue)? The German model is relevant here.
"Increase teacher pay?"
Yes, but that won't improve learning by itself. It might attract better candidates, though. Especially if you increase accountability (reasonably) at the same time.
"Build larger, technologically sophisticated schools?"
Larger? Why? Tech? Sometimes valuable.
"Offer smaller classes?"
Yes. 12-16 kids per class.
"Inflate grades and lower academic standards to build student self-esteem?"
Hell, no. And the movement in Common Core is in the other direction.
"Harass or fire teachers who are not popular or whose students are not passing tests?"
That's just crazy.
"Set state and national achievement goals?"
See: Common Core.
"It has all been tried, and the results are abysmal."
It has? How widespread, and with what serious attention to detail. All that rhetoric has been tried, but that does not mean that the models have been truly implemented and been given time to work (or fail).